一、貿(mào)易術語

　　E組： 買方負責全部花費

　　EX: Ex Works 工廠交貨，賣方義務少(minimum obligation)賣方負責出口清關則為FCA

　　F組： 買家負責運費，風險以買方所在國交貨劃分FOB: Free On Board

　　賣家：港口交貨，出口清關，提供商業(yè)發(fā)票、裝船提單，承擔港口裝船交貨前風險。

　　買家：支付貨款，進口清關，托運并通知賣家，決策購買保險和否，接受單據(jù)收取貨物，承擔出口國港口裝船交貨后風險出口美國應注意FOB Vessel才需要由賣方負責出口清關手續(xù)FCA: Free Carrier 貨交承運人，其實就是FOB的擴展，適用于任何運輸方式。

　　賣方可協(xié)助安排運輸，但花費和風險由買方負責FAS: Free Along Ship，近似FOB，風險交接點變成船邊碼頭或駁船靠邊，而不是船舷C組： 賣家負責運費，風險以買方所在國交貨劃分CFR: Cost and Freight

　　賣家：港口交貨，出口清關，托運并及時充分地通知買家（sufficient notice），以便買家辦理保險，提供裝船提單、商業(yè)發(fā)票，承擔港口裝船交貨前風險買家：支付貨款，進口清關，決策購買保險和否，接受單據(jù)收取貨物，承擔出口國港口裝船交貨后風險CPT: Carriage paid to 運費付至，CFR的擴展，賣家負責托運CIF: Cost, insurance and Freight

　　賣家：港口交貨，出口清關，托運并辦理保險，提供裝船提單、商業(yè)發(fā)票、保險單，承擔港口裝船交貨前風險買家：支付貨款，進口清關，接受單據(jù)收取貨物，承擔出口國港口裝船交貨后風險CIP: Carriage and Freight Paid to 運費、保險付至，CIF擴展，賣家負責托運和投保D組： 賣家所在國交貨，賣方負責運費，風險以賣方所在國交貨劃分DAF: Delivered At Frontier，邊境交貨，買方負責托運和投保，承擔貨物交接后風險DES: Delivered Ex Ship，目的港船上交貨，賣方負責到達目的港前一切花費和風險，賣方負責進口清關，也叫EXS

　　DEQ: Delivered Ex Quay，DES變型，目的港碼頭交貨賣方負責碼頭上交貨前一切花費和風險，也叫EXQDDU: Delivered Duty Unpaid，未完稅交貨，DEQ的擴展，適合任何運輸方式DDP: Delivered Duty Paid，完稅交貨，賣家負責進出口清關，交貨前一切花費和風險，賣方義務多maximum obligation

　　二、傭金和折扣的計算

　　Price including commission US$335 per metric ton CIF New York including 2% commissionUS $ 300 per metric ton CIFC2% New York 每公噸335美元CIF2%紐約US $ 300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai less 2% discount 每公噸FOB上海減折扣2%US $ 300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai net 每公噸300美元FOB 上海凈價貨物交付

　　一、關鍵概念

　　Time of delivery 交貨時間 F和C組術語條件下，兩者是一致的；Time of shipment 裝運時間 由于推定交貨和實際交貨的區(qū)別，兩者好還是區(qū)別使用Constructive Delivery 推定交貨

　　Actual Delivery 實際交貨

　　Port of Shipment 裝運港，可一個或多個，具名或只注范圍，如China PortPort of Destination 目的港，對賣方而言，好比較確定、可行Partial Shipment 分批裝運分批裝運 shipment by instalmentsTransshipment 轉運

　　二、裝運條款

　　Shipment during Oct. /Nov. 2009 with partial shipments and transshipments allowedShipment at or before/ no later than the end of JuneShipment: one 40’ container from China port to New York, USA on or before Apr. 20thShipment within 60 days after receipt of L/C這種條款一般同時也需要規(guī)定L/C到達期限The Buyers must open the relevant L/C to reach the Sellers before June 20thDuring Mar./Apr. in two equal lots/shipments, transshipment is prohibitedShipment during May from Shanghai to London. The sellers shall advise the Buyers 45 days before the month of shipment of the time the goods be ready for shipment. Partial shipment is prohibited, to be transshipped at Hong Kong三、海運提單 B/L Bill of Loading

　　On Board B/L=Shipped B/L, Received For Shipment B/L已裝船提單，備運提單（收訖待運提單）

　　提單簽發(fā)日期 B/L date = 裝船日期 Shipment dateClean B/L, Unclean B/L=Foul B/L 清潔提單，不清潔提單Straight B/L, Bearer B/L, Order B/L

　　記名/收貨人抬頭提單，不記名/來人抬頭提單，指示提單to bearer 貨交提單持有人或者留空

　　to order/to the order of 憑指示/憑某人指示 ->承運人背書（空白、記名）Direct B/L, Transshipment B/L, Through B/L直達提單，轉船提單，聯(lián)運提單

　　Liner B/L, Charter Party B/L 班輪提單，租船提單Long form B/L, Short Form B/L 全式提單，略式提單Original B/L, Copy B/L, Full Set B/L 正本提單，副本提單，全套提單Stale B/L, On Deck B/L, House B/L 過期提單，甲板提單，運輸代理行提單四、集裝箱 Container

　　FCL 整箱貨，full container load

　　LCL 拼箱貨，less than container load

　　CY 堆場，container yard

　　CFS 集裝箱貨運站，container freight stationD/R 場站單據(jù)，dock receipt，堆場收據(jù)，裝船后可換B/LCLP 裝箱單，container load plan

　　CTB/L 聯(lián)運提單，combined transport B/L

　　MTD 多式聯(lián)運單據(jù)，multi-modal transport documentE/R 設備交接單，equipment receipt

　　Inland Transport Charge 內陸運輸費

　　LCL Service Charge 拼箱服務費

　　Terminal Handling Charges 堆場服務費

　　Fee for Use Container and Other Equipments 集裝箱及其他設備使用費Box-rate 包箱費率

　　FAK FAK包箱費率，freight for all kinds，不分種類，不計量，統(tǒng)一單箱花費FCS FCS包箱費率，freight for class，不同貨物分級收費，W/MFCB FCB包箱費率，freight for class & basis